The antenna efficiency can be calculated using the formula: Efficiency = (radiation resistance / total resistance) x 100. In this case, the efficiency is (72 ohms / 74 ohms) x 100 ≈ 97.3%.

Waveguide is typically used at higher frequencies, typically above 3000 MHz (3 GHz). It is an efficient transmission medium for microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies.

In a half-wave dipole antenna, the highest distribution of current occurs at the middle of the antenna. This is where the current is maximized, and it gradually decreases towards the ends.

In a half-wave dipole antenna, the minimum impedance is the same at all points along the antenna. The impedance is relatively consistent from one end to the other.

An antenna tuner of the “L” type is typically not suitable for matching to a vertical ground plane antenna. These tuners are more commonly used for other types of antennas and impedance matching scenarios.

An advantage of waveguide as a transmission line is its low loss, especially at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. It can efficiently carry high-frequency signals with minimal loss

In a half-wave dipole antenna, the voltage is distributed unevenly along its length. The voltage is highest at each end of the antenna, and it gradually decreases towards the center. This variation in voltage distribution is a key characteristic of a half-wave dipole.

Effective Radiated Power (ERP) is calculated by subtracting the losses (in this case, the coaxial and connector losses) from the transmitter output power and adding the antenna gain.

A half wavelength transmission line presents a very high impedance when it is open at the far end. At half-wavelength, the voltage and current are in phase, resulting in a high impedance point.

Effective Radiated Power (ERP) is calculated by subtracting the losses (coaxial cable, connectors, and transmatch) from the transmitter output power and adding the antenna gain.

The term for the ratio of the actual velocity at which a signal travels through a transmission line to the speed of light in a vacuum is called the “velocity factor.” It is an important parameter for understanding signal propagation in transmission lines.

The stub match is a way to make sure your antenna and transmission line are a good match. It uses a short piece of transmission line near the antenna to help everything work together smoothly.

At the ends of a half-wave dipole antenna, the voltage is high, and the current is low. This voltage distribution results in the characteristic behavior of a half-wave dipole.

Knowing the radiation resistance of an antenna is important for impedance matching. Matching the impedance of the antenna to the transmission line and transmitter ensures maximum power transfer from the transmitter to the antenna, which is essential for efficient operation.

An antenna tuner of the “Series” type is not referred to as a Pi-type antenna tuner. Instead, it is typically known as a Series-type antenna tuner. This type of tuner is suitable for matching a wide range of antenna impedances to the 50-ohm transmitter input.

In a center-fed half-wave antenna, the feed point is strategically placed at the point of maximum current. This configuration allows for efficient energy transfer and radiation.

A typical velocity factor for coaxial cable with polyethylene dielectric is approximately 0.66. The velocity factor varies depending on the type of dielectric material used in the cable.

The gain of a parabolic dish antenna for amateur radio use primarily depends on the diameter of the antenna in wavelengths. This dimension is a key factor in determining the antenna’s gain, with larger diameters generally providing higher gain. Other factors, such as the material composition of the dish and the focal length, can also influence performance but are secondary to the antenna’s physical size.

The height of a horizontal dipole antenna above the ground does affect its radiation pattern. If the antenna is less than one-half wavelength high, reflected radio waves from the ground can significantly distort the pattern. At heights less than one-half wavelength, ground reflections interfere with the direct radiation, causing distortion in the pattern.

The term used for an equivalent resistance that would dissipate the same amount of energy as that radiated from an antenna is “radiation resistance.” It represents the resistance part of the antenna’s impedance that contributes to  the actual radiation of electromagnetic energy.

When linearly-polarized antennas are crossed-polarized (90 degrees) with each other, significant signal loss of 20 dB or more can be expected in theory. This is due to the mismatch in polarization, where the antennas are oriented perpendicularly to each other.

Effective Radiated Power (ERP) is a measure of the power radiated by an antenna system in a specific direction compared to the power radiated by a half-wave dipole antenna. It is calculated by subtracting the losses (transmission line losses) from the transmitter output power and then adding the antenna gain relative to a dipole. ERP takes into account the directionality and efficiency of the antenna system.

Effective Radiated Power (ERP) is calculated by subtracting the losses (transmission line loss and transmatch loss) from the transmitter output power and adding the antenna gain.

As the standing wave ratio (SWR) increases, more energy is reflected back from the mismatched load (antenna), and this energy can cause additional losses in the transmission line. These losses are primarily due to dielectric and conductor heating caused by the higher voltage and current associated with reflected power.

A printed circuit transmission line is called “microstripline.” It is a type of transmission line used in printed circuit boards for microwave and RF applications.